9-12 Social Studies Curriculum

Listed are the Pennsylvania Department of Education approved Social Studies Standards that are applicable to the United States History curriculum at the High School. These standards are accompanied by what students will learn and be able to do by the end of their academic school year.

United States History Skills and Learning by PA Standards

Historical Analysis

• Evaluate patterns of continuity and rates of change over time, applying context of events. 8.1.12.A
• Evaluate the interpretation of historical events and sources, considering the use of fact versus opinion, multiple perspectives, and cause and effect relationships. 8.1.12.B
• Analyze, synthesize, and integrate historical data, creating a product that supports and appropriately illustrates inferences and conclusions drawn from research. 8.1.12.C

Pennsylvania History

• I can evaluate the role groups and individuals from Pennsylvania played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development of the US and the world. 8.2.12.A PA history
• I can evaluate the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in Pennsylvania which are critical to U.S. history and the world. 8.2.12.B PA history
• I can evaluate continuity and change in Pennsylvania are interrelated to the US and the world. (belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, and social organizations) 8.2.12.C PA history
• I can evaluate how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations in Pennsylvania have influenced the growth and development of the US and the world. (ethnicity and race, working conditions, immigration, military conflict, economic stability) 8.2.12.D PA history

United States History

• I can evaluate the role groups and individuals from the U.S. played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development of the world. 8.3.12.A, 8.3.U.A US history
• I can evaluate the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in U.S. history which are critical to world history. 8.3.12.B, 8.3.U.B US history
• I can evaluate how continuity and change in U.S. history are interrelated with the world. (belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, and social organizations) 8.3.12.C, 8.3.U.C US history
• I can evaluate how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations in the U.S. have influenced the growth and development of the world. (ethnicity and race, working conditions, immigration, military conflict, and economic stability) 8.3.12.D, 8.3.U.D US history

World History

• I can evaluate the role groups and individuals played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development throughout world history. 8.4.12.A World history
• I can evaluate the importance of historical documents, artifacts, and sites which are critical to world history. 8.4.12.B World history
• I can evaluate how continuity and change have impacted the world today. (belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, and social organization) 8.4.12.C World history
• I can evaluate how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations have impacted the development of the world today, including its effects on Pennsylvania. 8.4.12.D World history

Skills and Content Learning by Unit in United States History

Unit 1: Civil War and Reconstruction

• I can analyze the events that divided the nation prior to the Civil War. 8.3.12.A-D, CC.8.5.11-12.B
• I can explain how the North and South prepared to engage in war. 8.3.12.A, C-D
• I can evaluate the outcomes of the battle for both sides by the end of 1862 and explain how they impacted the direction of the war. 8.3.12.A, C-D
• I can analyze the reasons behind the issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation and the effect it had. 8.3.12.B, CC.8.5.11-12.C, E
• I can analyze why 1863 can be seen as a pivotal year in the war. 8.2.12.A-D, 8.3.12.B, CC.8.5.11-12.C, E
• I can evaluate how the campaigns of Grant and Sherman affected the outcome of the war. 8.3.12.D, CC.8.5.11-12.E
• I can evaluate the hardships that soldiers and citizens faced during the war and immediately after. 8.3.12.D, CC.8.5.11-12.E
• I can evaluate how the Civil War led to social, economic and political change during the Reconstruction Era. 8.3.12.B, CC.8.5.11-12. E
• I can analyze the factors behind the rise of the black codes and the response of Congress to them. CC.8.5.11-12.C, 8.3.12.D
• I can analyze what was "new" about the New South using continuity and change.   CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.3.12.B-D
• I can explain how and why the support for Reconstruction waned. CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.3.12.B-D

Unit 2: A Time of Change (mid 1800s and early 1900s)

• I can evaluate the positive and negative aspects of big business in the late 1800s. 8.3.12.C, CC.8.6.11-12.B, CC.8.6.11-12.C, 8.4.12.A, 8.2.12.A-B, 6.5.9.F
• I can analyze the impact of the rise of organized labor. 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.D, 8.3.12.C, 8.2.12.A-D, 8.4.12.D
• I can explain what factors led to the migration West for many Americans and immigrants during the second half of the 19th century. 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.D, 8.3.12.D, 8.4.12.C
• I can analyze the impact of western expansion on Native Americans and the results of federal “Indian” policies.    CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.B, 8.3.U.D
• I can analyze how and why the economic crises of farmers in the West led to the rise of Populism. 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.D, 8.3.12.D
• I can analyze the events and issues that characterized business and politics during the Gilded Age and the role of the federal government. 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.D, 8.3.12.C
• I can evaluate the impact of increased immigration and urbanization had on the social movements and reforms that arose in the U.S. during the late 1800s and early 1900s. 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.D, 8.3.12.C, 8.4.12.C
• I can analyze what education was like at the turn of the 20th century and the perspectives on black education as put forth by W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington. CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.B, 8.3.U.D
• I can evaluate how African Americans were discriminated against following Reconstruction and how they resisted that discrimination. CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.B, 8.3.U.D
• I can analyze how entertainment was changing at the turn of the 20th century. CC.8.5.11-12.F, 8.3.U.A., 8.3.12.B-C, 8.4.12.A
• I can analyze what was considered women's work and how the role of women were beginning to change. CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.3.U.A, 8.3.U.B

Unit 3: Becoming A World Power

• I can evaluate the events that led up to and immediately followed the Spanish-American War and how this war leads to becoming a world power. CC.8.5.11-12.C, 8.3.U.D, 8.4.12.C
• I can evaluate how the United States became a world power at the turn of the 20th century. CC.8.5.11-12.C, 8.3.U.D
• I can analyze the foreign policies set forth by Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson and their impact. 8.3.U.D
• I can analyze the goals of Progressivism and what reformers managed to achieve. CC.8.5.11-12.H, 8.3.U.A
• I can analyze the factors that led to a victory for women’s suffrage. CC.8.5.11-12.H, 8.3.U.A, 8.4.12.C
• I can analyze the main causes of WWI. 8.3.U.D, CC.8.5.11-12.C, 8.4.12.B
• I can explain how the conflict expanded to draw in much of Europe. 8.3.U.D., CC.8.5.11-12.C
• I can explain the response of the United States to the war in Europe. 8.3.U.D., CC.8.5.11-12.E
• I can analyze why the United States chose to join the war effort and their means of mobilization. 8.3.U.D., CC.8.5.11-12.E
• I can evaluate how American troops helped turn the tide of war. 8.3.U.D., 8.3.U.B, CC.8.5.11-12.E
• I can analyze the conditions in Europe and the United States at the end of the war. 8.3.U.D., 8.3.U.B, CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.4.12.B
• I can evaluate the steps the United States government took to finance the war and manage a wartime economy. 8.3.U.D., 8.3.U.B
• I can analyze how the United States government enforced loyalty to the war effort. 8.3.U.D., 8.3.U.B, CC.8.5.11-12.E
  I can evaluate what President Wilson, and the Allies brought to the table at the Paris Peace Conference and how it led to the treaty created. 8.3.U.D., 8.3.U.B, CC.8.5.11-12.E, 8.4.12.A, CC.8.5.11-12.E

Unit 4: The World at War

• I can explain how the fear of events occurring abroad impacted the United States. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 8.3.12.C
• I can evaluate what society was like for all populations in the 1920s. 8.3.U.B, 8.3.U.D, 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A
• I can analyze the role of mass media and the growth of jazz in the 1920s. 8.3.U.B, 8.3.U.D, 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 6.2.9.C
• I can analyze the cultural conflicts of the 1920s. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 8.3.12.C
• I can analyze the factors behind the business boom and how the economy of the late 1920s appeared healthy to most Americans. 8.3.U.D, 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 6.2.9.D
• I can analyze the main causes of the Great Depression. 8.1.12A, 8.3.12.A, C, 6.2.9.E-F, 6.2.12.D
• I can analyze how people were affected by the Great Depression and how they worked together to survive. 8.1.12A, 8.3.12.A, 8.3.12.C, 6.5.9.E, 7.4.9.A-B
• I can analyze the major New Deal programs and how Americans at the time viewed them. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 8.3.12.C, 6.3.9.A
• I can evaluate how major New Deal programs still impact us today. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 8.3.12.C
• I can evaluate how the United States Government tried to manage the political, social and economic changes during the 1920s and 1930s. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, 8.3.12.C, 6.3.9.D
• I can evaluate what enabled the rise of dictators in Europe after World War I. 8.4.12.A-D
• I can evaluate what led to the outbreak of World War II. 8.4.12.A-D, 7.3.9.A
• I can analyze what fighting looked like during the phony war. 8.4.12.A-D
• I can evaluate how the small island nation of Japan built a militaristic empire. 8.4.12.C-D, 8.3.12.C, 8.3.9.C
• I can evaluate what pushed the United States from a policy of isolationism to one of war. 8.4.12.C-D, 8.3.12.C, 8.3.9.C
• I can evaluate the United States’ preparations for mobilization. 8.12.9.A, C-D
• I can analyze how the war affected daily life on the United States Homefront. 8.3.12.A-D, 8.2.12.D
• I can evaluate the social impact of the war on minorities in the United States. 8.3.12.A-D
• I can analyze the strategies that the Allies used to retake Europe and the events that ended the war in Europe. 8.3.12.A, 8.4.9.C-D, 8.3.12.C, 7.1.12.A-B
• I can evaluate Germany’s policies towards the Jewish people and other desirables and how it evolved into genocide. 8.4.9.C-D, 8.3.12.C
• I can evaluate the characteristics of the war in the Pacific and how the war was eventually brought to its end. 8.4.12.C-D, 8.3.12.C, 8.3.9.C, 7.1.12.A-B
• I can evaluate how World War II reshaped United States foreign and domestic affairs. 8.4.12.C-D, 8.3.12.C, 8.3.9.C

Unit 5: A Period of Turmoil and Change (post war America through 1970s)

• I can evaluate the postwar goals of the United States and Soviet Union. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, C, 8.4.12.C, 8.4.12.D
• I can evaluate how the fear of Communism spreading affected United States Foreign Policy. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, C, 8.4.12.C, 8.4.12.D
• I can analyze the causes and effects of the Korean War. 8.1.12.A, 8.4.12.C-D
• I can evaluate how the Cold War escalated to include Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Latin America. 8.1.12.A, 8.4.12.C-D
• I can evaluate how the arms race led to the creation of an American space program and the changing of math and science standards in United States schools. 8.4.12.C-D, 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.C
• I can analyze how the American Dream became a reality for many in the postwar era. 8.3.12.C, 8.1.12.B, 8.3.12.C-D
• I can analyze the “mood” of the 1950s. 8.3.12.C, 8.1.12.B, 8.3.12.C-D
• I can evaluate the domestic policies of Presidents Truman and Eisenhower. 8.3.12.C, 8.1.12.B, 8.3.12.C-D
• I can analyze the events that led up to the Civil Rights Movement. 8.3.12.B-D, 8.1.12.A-C
• I can analyze the methods used to obtain the goals of the Civil Rights Movement. 8.3.12.B-D, 8.1.12.A-C
• I can evaluate the political response to the Civil Rights Movement. 8.3.12.B-D, 8.1.12.A-C
• I can analyze the domestic and foreign policies of JFK and LBJ. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A,C, 8.4.12.C, D, 8.3.12.C
• I can analyze the causes and goals of the women’s movement (Third Wave Feminism) and its impact. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, C
• I can evaluate the means by which ethnic minorities obtained or worked to obtain equality. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, C
• I can evaluate the social changes that were prompted by the counterculture. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, C
• I can analyze the efforts that were made in the 1960s and 1970s to protect the environment and consumers. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A, C, 7.4.12.A-B
• I can analyze how the United States became involved in the conflict in Vietnam. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A-D, 8.4.12.B-D
• I can analyze the strategies that were used by both sides in the Vietnam Conflict and the conditions that soldiers faced. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A-D, 8.4.12.B-D
• I can evaluate how the war was brought to an end and the legacy that was left. 8.1.12.A, 8.3.12.A-D, 8.4.12.B-D
• I can analyze the domestic and foreign policies of Nixon. 8.3.12.A-D
• I can evaluate the effects of the Watergate Scandal. 8.3.12.A-D
• I can analyze the domestic and foreign issues that faced Ford and Carter. 8.3.12.A-D, 6.4.9.A, D-E

Unit 6: Continuity and Change (1980 to present)

• I can evaluate how the Presidencies of Reagan and George H.W. Bush are viewed as the Conservative Revolution. 8.3.12.A, C, 8.4.12.C, 6.4.9.A, D-E, 7.4.12.A-B
• I can analyze the domestic and foreign changes that occurred under Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, including the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001. 8.3.12.A, C, 8.4.12.C, 6.4.9.A, D-E, 7.4.12.A-B
• I can analyze the impact of Barrack Obama’s presidency and how the country was viewed by the rest of the world.  8.3.12.A, C, 8.4.12.C, 6.4.9.A, D-E, 7.4.12.A-B
• I can analyze how the Presidency of Donald Trump has led to increased political divisions within the country. 8.3.12.A, C, 8.4.12.C, 6.4.9.A, D-E, 7.4.12.A-B
• I can critique how the policies and events that have taken place in the United States from Nixon to Trump have shaped modern America. 8.3.12.A-D, 8.4.12.C, 6.4.9.A, D-F, 7.4.12.A-B

Listed are the Pennsylvania Department of Education approved Social Studies Standards that are applicable to the Modern World History curriculum at the High School. These standards are accompanied by what students will learn and be able to do by the end of their academic school year. 

Modern World History Skills and Learning by PA DoE Standards

Historical Analysis

• I can compare patterns of continuity and change over time, applying context of events. 8.1.9.A
• I can compare the interpretation of historical events and sources, considering the use of fact versus opinion, multiple perspectives, cause and effect relationships. 8.1.9.B
• I can construct research on a historical topic using a thesis statement and demonstrate the use of appropriate primary and secondary sources. 8.1.9.C

Pennsylvania History

• I can contrast the role groups and individuals from Pennsylvania played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development of the U.S. 8.2.9.A PA History
• I can compare the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in Pennsylvania which are critical to U.S. history. 8.2.9.B. PA History
• I can compare and contrast how continuity and change in Pennsylvania are interrelated throughout U.S. history: Belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, social organizations. 8.2.9.C PA History
• I can interpret how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations in Pennsylvania have influenced the growth and development of the US: ethnicity and race, working conditions, immigration, military conflict, economic stability. 8.2.9.D PA History

United States History

• I can compare the role groups and individuals played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development of the U.S. 8.3.9.A US
• I can compare the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places which are critical to the U.S. 8.3.9.B US
• I can analyze how continuity and change have impacted the United States: belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, social organizations. 8.3.9.C US
• I can interpret how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations have impacted the growth and development of the U.S: ethnicity and race, working conditions, immigration, military conflict, economic stability. 8.3.9.D US

World History

• I can compare the role groups and individuals played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development throughout world history. 8.4.9.A World
• I can contrast the importance of historical documents, artifacts, and sites which are critical to world history. 8.4.9.B World
• I can analyze how continuity and change have impacted world history: Belief systems and religions; Commerce and industry, Technology, Politics and government, Physical and human geography, social organization. 8.4.9.C World
• I can analyze how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations have influenced the history and development of the world. 8.4.9.D World
• I can explain the laws of supply and demand and how these affect the prices of goods and services. 6.2.9.D
• I can compare and contrast various economic systems. 6.2.9.G
• I can evaluate the flow of goods and services in an international economy. 6.2.12.A
• I can evaluate various economic systems. 6.2.12.G
• I can explain how trade contributes to economic interdependence. 6.4.9.B
• I can explain how the level of development of transportation, communication networks, and technology affect economic interdependence. 6.4.9.D
• I can analyze how changes in transportation, communication networks, and technology affect economic interdependence around the world in the 21st century. 6.4.12.D
• I can define wages and explain how wages are determined in terms of supply and demand. 6.5.9.A
• I can evaluate changes in education, incentives, technology, and capital investment after productivity. 6.5.12.B
• I can compare the distribution of wealth across nations. 6.5.12.E
• I can explain and illustrate how geographic tools are used to organize and interpret information about people, places, and environments. 7.1.9.A
• I can explain and locate regions and their shared connections as defined by physical and human features. 7.1.9.B
• I can explain the physical characteristics of places and regions, including spatial patterns of Earth’s physical systems. 7.2.9.A
• I can explain the dynamics of the fundamental processes that underlie the operation of Earth’s physical systems. 7.2.9.B
• I can analyze the physical characteristics of places and regions, including the interrelationships among the components of Earth’s physical systems. 7.2.12.A
• I can analyze the significance of physical processes in shaping the character of places and regions. 7.2.12.B
• I can explain the human characteristics of places and regions using the following criteria: Population, Culture, Settlement, Economic activities, Political activities. 7.3.9.A
• I can analyze the global effects of changes in the physical systems. 7.4.12.A
• I can analyze the global effects of human activity on the physical systems. 7.4.12.B

Skills and Content Learning by Unit in Modern World History

Unit 1: Connecting Hemispheres

• I can analyze the characteristics and outcomes of the Italian Renaissance. 8.4.9.A, 7.3.9.A
• I can explain how and why the Italian Renaissance spread throughout Northern Europe. CC 8.5.9-10.I, CC 8.4.9.A-C, 8.4.9.A
• I can analyze why Martin Luther protested against the Catholic Church and what was the outcome of his protest. CC 8.6.9-10.A, CC 8.4.9.A-C, 8.4.9.A
• I can analyze the reforms the Catholic Church made in response to the continued push of the Protestant Reformation. CC.8.5.9-10.I, CC.8.5.9-10.F, 8.4.9.A-C
• I can analyze the characteristics of the Muslim Empire established by the Ottomans. 8.4.9.A-C, CC.8.5.9-10.I, 7.3.9.A
• I can analyze the cultural characteristics of the blended Safavid Empire. 8.4.9.A-C, 7.3.9.A.
• I can explain how and why the Mughal Empire brought together the Turks, Persians and Indians. 8.4.9.A, C, CC.8.5.9-10.C
• I can evaluate how technology enabled Europeans to explore the world during the Age of Exploration. 8.4.9.A-D, CC.8.5.9.10.A, CC.8.5.9.10.I, 6.4.12.D, 6.4.9.D, 7.1.9.A
• I can analyze how and why the Ming and Qing dynasties isolated Chaina form European contact. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.B
• I can analyze the social, political, and economic characteristics of the Tokugawa (Empire) Shogunate. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.6.9-10 B, 7.3.9.A
• I can explain how the voyages of Christopher Columbus led Spain to establish colonies in the Americas. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.A , C.C.8.6.9-10.I, 6.4.9.D
• I can analyze how England gained control of the eastern portion of North America during the 16th to the 18th centuries. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.B
• I can evaluate the social, political, and economic impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.B , 6.4.9.B
• I can analyze and evaluate the impact of the Columbian Exchange. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.A, C.C.8.5.9-10.A, 6.4.9.B, 6.5.12.E

Unit 2: Absolutism and Revolution

• I can analyze the characteristics of Philip II's rule of Spain and how his rule helped spur the concept of absolutism in Europe. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.5.9-10.B, 8.4.9.A-C, C.C.8.5.9-10.I
• I can analyze why Louis XIV was considered to be the most powerful monarch of his time. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.5.9-10.B, 8.4.9.A-C, C.C.8.5.9-10.I
• I can analyze why the monarchs of Central Europe clash during the 17th and 18th centuries. 8.4.9.A, C-D, C.C.8.5.9-10.B
• I can analyze the characteristics of the monarchs of Russia during the Age of Absolutism. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.5.9-10.B, 8.4.9.A-C, C.C.8.5.9-10.I
• I can explain how the English Parliament managed to limit the monarchy in the 17th century. 8.4.9.A, C-D, C.C.8.5.9-10.B
• I can analyze how the Scientific Revolution led to the questioning of established beliefs. 8.4.9.A-C, C.C.8.5.9-10.I
• I can evaluate how the Enlightenment changed European views of government and society. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.A, C.C.8.6.9-10.I
• I can analyze how the Enlightenment encouraged the American colonies to shed British rule and how it helped lead to the founding of the United States. 8.4.9.A-D, C.C.8.6.9-10.A, C.C.8.6.9-10.B
• I can analyze the causes and effects of the French Revolution. 8.4.9.A-D, CC.8.5.9-10.I, CC.8.6.9-10.A
• I can evaluate how and why Napoleon seized and then lost power throughout Europe. 8.4.9.A-D, CC.8.6.9-10.A
• I can analyze the attempts that were made to restore order and peace to Europe at the Congress of Vienna. 8.4.9.A-D
• I can explain what led people in Latin America to fight colonial rule. 8.4.9.A, C-D
• I can evaluate how nationalism challenged the conservative order of Europe and created new political orders. 8.4.9.A-D, CC.8.5.9-10.A
• I can analyze how art and intellectual movements changed Europe during the 1800s. 8.4.9.A, C-D

Unit 3: Industrialism and the Race for Empire

• I can analyze the how changes in Britian in the 1700s led to the creation of modern industrial societies.CC. 8.6.9-10.A, 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, 7.3.9.A
• I can evaluate how the factory system changed the way people lived and worked. 8.4.9.A, C-D
• I can analyze the economic, political, and social reforms and movements that were created by the Industrial Revolution. 8.1.9.B, 8.4.9.A,  8.4.9.D, CC.8.5.9-10.A-D CC.8.5.9-10.I CC.8.6.9-10.B-C CC.8.6.9-10.E-F
• I can analyze the factors that led Britian and France to transform into democracies. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can explain the factors that led to self-rule for some British colonies. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can analyze the progress made in the United States in the 1800s due to ideas that developed from manifest destiny, the American Civil War, the expansion of the RRs and immigration. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can evaluate how developments in science and technology transformed daily life during the late 1800s and early 1900s. 8.4.9.A, 8.1.9.C, CC.8.5.9-10.A-C
• I can evaluate the effects of the scramble for Africa. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can analyze the European expansion affect Muslim lands. 8.4.9.A, 8.1.9.C
• I can analyze the social, political, and economic effects of British imperialism in India. 8.4.9.A, 8.1.9.C
• I can explain how the demand for Asian products affected Southeast Asian lands. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, 6.4.9.B
• I can explain how western economic pressure forced China to open to foreign trade and influence. 8.4.9.A, 8.1.9.C, 6.4.9.B, 6.2.9.D
• I can analyze the similarities between European imperialism and Japanese expansion. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, 6.2.12.A, 6.2.9.D
• I can analyze how U.S. economic imperialism put economic and political pressure on Latin America. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, 6.5.12.B, E
• I can analyze the political, social, and economic pressure triggered revolution and reform in Mexico. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C

Unit 4: The World at War

• I can explain the factors that set the stage for a continental war in Europe. 8.4.9.C, 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.D
• I can evaluate why one European nation after another was drawn into the large, industrialized Great War. 8.4.9.C, 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.D
• I can analyze how the factors in the peace settlement of the Great War helped cause WWII and the legacies left by WWI. 8.4.9.C, 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.D, 8.3.9.D
• I can analyze the long-term problems in Russia that led to revolution. 8.4.9.A , 8.4.9.C, CC.8.5.9-10.A-D
• I can analyze the characteristics of Stalin's totalitarianism rule of Russia. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can explain what led to the collapse of imperial China and movement towards a nationalist/communist society. 8.4.9.A , 8.4.9.C
• I can analyze the factors that triggered independence movements in India and SW Asia. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, CC.8.5.9-10.B.
• I can analyze the inventions, creativity and new ideas that developed after the Great War. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, 8.3.9.C
• I can evaluate how the economic depression in the U.S. spread throughout the world. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C, 8.3.9.A, 8.3.9.C, 8.3.9.D, 6.2.9.D, 6.5.9A
• I can explain how and why Italy and Germany turned to totalitarian dictators. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can analyze why German; Italian and Japanese aggression went unchecked. 8.4.9.A-D
• I can explain why Hitler's lightening war was so effective. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can analyze how and why the United States got involved in WWII. 8.4.9.A-C, 8.3.9.A-D
• I can analyze strategies the Allies used to retake Europe and the events that led to the end of the war in Europe and the Pacific. 8.4.9.A-D, 8.3.9.A-D
• I can analyze the characteristics and outcomes of the Holocaust. 8.4.9.A, 8.4.9.C
• I can explain the postwar status of Europe and Japan. 8.4.9.A-C, 8.3.9.A-D 

Unit 5: Perspectives on the Present

• I can explain the different economic and political philosophies that led to the Cold War. 8.4.9.A., 8.4.9.C. , CC.8.5.9-10.C., 6.2.9.G, 6.5.12.B, 6.2.12.G
• I can analyze how the Cold War led to conflicts/confrontations in Korea, Vietnam, Latin America, and the Middle East. 8.4.9.A., 8.4.9.C., CC.8.5.9-10.C., 7.3.9.A
• I can explain the changes that occurred as Cold War tensions eased, and the Soviet Union ceased to exist. 8.4.9.A., 8.4.9.C., CC.8.5.9-10.C.
• I can evaluate the defining modern world problems. 8.4.9.A., 8.4.9.C., CC.8.5.9-10.C., CC.8.5.9-10.I, CC.8.6.9-10.A.-I, 6.2.12.A, 6.4.9.B, 6.5.12.E, 6.4.12.D, 7.1.9.B, 7.2.9.A-B, 7.4.12.A

Listed are the Pennsylvania Department of Education approved Social Studies Standards that are applicable to the U.S. Government and Economics curriculum at the High School. These standards are accompanied by what students will learn and be able to do by the end of their academic school year.

U.S. Government and Economics

Historical Analysis

• Evaluate patterns of continuity and rates of change over time, applying context of events. 8.1.12.A
• Evaluate the interpretation of historical events and sources, considering the use of fact versus opinion, multiple perspectives, and cause and effect relationships. 8.1.12.B
• Analyze, synthesize, and integrate historical data, creating a product that supports and appropriately illustrates inferences and conclusions drawn from research. 8.1.12.C

Pennsylvania History

• I can evaluate the role groups and individuals from Pennsylvania played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development of the US and the world. 8.2.12.A PA history
• I can evaluate the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in Pennsylvania which are critical to U.S. history and the world. 8.2.12.A PA history
• I can evaluate continuity and change in Pennsylvania are interrelated to the US and the world. (belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, and social organizations). 8.2.12.C PA history
• I can evaluate how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations in Pennsylvania have influenced the growth and development of the US and the world. (ethnicity and race, working conditions, immigration, military conflict, economic stability). 8.2.12.D PA history

United States History

• I can evaluate the role groups and individuals from the U.S. played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development of the world. 8.3.12.A, 8.3.U.A US history
• I can evaluate the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in U.S. history which are critical to world history. 8.3.12.B, 8.3.U.B US history
• I can evaluate how continuity and change in U.S. history are interrelated with the world. (belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, and social organizations). 8.3.12.C, 8.3.U.C US history
• I can evaluate how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations in the U.S. have influenced the growth and development of the world. (ethnicity and race, working conditions, immigration, military conflict, and economic stability). 8.3.12.D, 8.3.U.D US history

World History

• I can evaluate the role groups and individuals played in the social, political, cultural, and economic development throughout world history. 8.4.12.A World history
• I can evaluate the importance of historical documents, artifacts, and sites which are critical to world history. 8.4.12.B World history
• I can evaluate how continuity and change have impacted the world today. (belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, technology, politics and government, physical and human geography, and social organization). 8.4.12.C World history
• I can evaluate how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations have impacted the development of the world today, including its effects on Pennsylvania. 8.4.12.D World history

Skills and Content Learning by Unit in U.S. Government and Economics

Unit 1: Foundations of Government

• I can analyze the purpose of government. 5.1.9.A
• I can compare and contrast various systems of government. 5.3.9.J
• I can compare and contrast policymaking in various contemporary world governments. 5.3.12.B
• I can analyze the major arguments advanced for different systems of government. 5.1.9.B
• I can evaluate critical issues in various contemporary governments. 5.3.12.J
• I can explain different ideas and traditions that influenced government in English colonies. 5.1.12.B, CC.8.5, CC.8.5.9-10.B
• I can analyze the principals and ideals that shape United States government (Liberty/Freedom, Democracy, Justice, and Equality). 5.1.9.C, 5.1.12.B

Unit 2: Origins of the US Constitution

• I can evaluate state and federal powers based on significant documents and other critical sources. (Declaration of Independence, United States Constitution, Bill of Rights, Pennsylvania Constitution). 5.1.12.D
• I can analyze the principles and ideals that shape United States government. (liberty/freedom, democracy, justice, and equality). 5.1.9.C
• I can evaluate the application of the principles and ideals in contemporary civic life. (liberty/freedom, democracy, justice, equality). 5.1.12.C, CC.8.5.9-10.C, CC.8.5.9-10.E
• I can compare and contrast the basic principles and ideals found in significant documents: (Declaration of Independence, United States Constitution, Bill of Rights, and Pennsylvania Constitution). 5.1.9.D
• I can analyze strategies used to resolve conflicts in society and government. 5.2.9.B
• I can compare/contrast the basic principles and ideals found in significant documents: (Declaration of Independence, United States Constitution, Bill of Rights, and Pennsylvania Constitution). 5.1.9.D, CC.8.5.9-10.A
• I can employ historical examples and political philosophy to evaluate the major arguments advanced for the necessity of government. 5.1.12.B
• I can evaluate the role of nationalism in uniting and dividing citizens. 5.1.12.F, CC.8.5.9-10.F, CC.8.5.11-12.D
• I can evaluate state and federal powers based on significant documents and other critical sources. (Declaration of Independence, United States Constitution, Bill of Rights, Pennsylvania Constitution). 5.1.12.D
• I can examine the process of checks and balances among the three branches of government, including the creation of law. 5.3.9.A, CC.8.5
• I can analyze and assess the rights of people as written in the PA Constitution and the US Constitution. 5.1.12.E
• I can evaluate an individual's civil rights, responsibilities and obligations in various contemporary governments. 5.2.12.A, CC.8.5.9-10.A

Unit 3: Political Behavior: Government by the People

• I can evaluate the roles of political parties, interest groups, and mass media in politics and public policy. 5.3.12.D
• I can examine the causes of conflicts in society and evaluate techniques to address those conflicts. 5.2.12.B, CC.8.5.9-10.J, CC.8.5.9-10.H
• I can analyze citizens' roles in the political process toward the attainment of goals for individual and public good. 5.2.9.D
• I can evaluate and demonstrate what makes competent and responsible citizens. 5.2.12.D
• I can evaluate the importance of freedom of the press and the political influence of the media. 5.3.9.H, 5.3.12.H, CC.8.5.9-10.G
• I can evaluate the fairness and effectiveness of the United States electoral processes, including the electoral college. 5.3.12.E
• I can explain how citizens participate in choosing their leaders through political parties, campaigns, and elections. 5.3.9.D, CC.8.6.9-10.G
• I can evaluate the impact of interest groups in developing public policy. 5.3.12.G
• I can evaluate the roles of political parties, interest groups, and mass media in politics and public policy. 5.3.12.D
• I can compare and contrast the politics of various interest groups and evaluate their impact on foreign policy. 5.4.12.E, CC.8.6.9-10H, CC.8.6.9-10.F
• I can evaluate the importance of freedom of the press and the political influence of mass media. 5.3.9.H
• I can evaluate the roles of political parties, interest groups, and mass media in politics and public policy. 5.3.12.D
• I can evaluate the role of mass media in setting public agenda and influencing political life. 5.3.12.H, CC.8.5.9-10.F

Unit 4: Interactions of Branches of Government

• I can analyze the changes in power and authority among the three branches of government over time. 5.3.12.A
• I can examine the process of checks and balances among the three branches of government, including the creation of law. 5.3.9.A
• I can examine political leadership and public service in a republican form of government. 5.2.9.C, CC.8.6.9-10.E
• I can explain how government agencies create, amend and enforce policies in local, state, and national governments. 5.3.9.C
• I can examine the process of checks and balances among the three branches of government, including the creation of law. 5.3.9.A
• I can explain how United States foreign policy is developed. 5.4.9.A
• I can explain why and how different foreign policy tools are used to advance a nation’s self-interest (e.g., diplomacy, economic aid, military aid, sanctions, treaties). 5.4.9.B
• I can examine foreign policy perspectives, including realism, idealism, and liberalism. 5.4.12.A
• I can evaluate the effectiveness of international organizations, both governmental and non-governmental. 5.4.12.C
• I can identify the role of international organizations. 5.4.9.C
• I can evaluate political leadership and public service in a republican form of government. 5.2.12.C, CC.8.6.9-10.B, CC.8.6.9-10.C, CC.8.6.9-10.D
• I can explain the Supreme Court’s role in interpreting the U.S. Constitution. (individual rights, states’ rights, civil rights). 5.3.9.F
• I can analyze landmark United States Supreme Court interpretations of the Constitution and its Amendments. 5.3.12.F
• I can analyze the role political symbols play in civil disobedience and patriotic activities. 5.1.9. F
• I can evaluate the importance of freedom of the press and the political influence of mass media. 5.3.9.H, CC.8.5.9-10.D, CC.8.5.9-10.C

Unit 5: State and Local Government

• I can demonstrate an understanding of how the PA Constitution and the US Constitution co-exist. 5.1.9.E
• I can evaluate the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in Pennsylvania which are critical to U.S. history and the world. 8.2.12.B
• I can compare the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in Pennsylvania that are critical to U.S. history. 8.2.9.B
• I can analyze the roles of local, state, and national governments in policymaking. 5.3.9.B
• I can explain how government agencies create, amend and enforce policies in local, state, and national governments. 5.3.9.C
• I can compare and contrast the different election processes for local, state, and national offices. 5.3.9.E, CC.8.6.9-10.B, CC.8.6.9-10.F
• I can compare the impact of historical documents, artifacts, and places in Pennsylvania that are critical to U.S. history. 8.2.9.B 
• I can evaluate tax policies of various states and countries. 5.3.12.I, CC.8.5.9-10.D

Unit 6: Intro to Economics

• I can evaluate various economic systems. 6.2.12.G
• I can analyze how media affects economic decisions. 6.2.9.C
• I can Predict the long-term consequences of decisions made because of scarcity. 6.1.12.A
• I can analyze the opportunity cost of decisions made by individuals, businesses, communities, and nations. 6.1.12.C, 6.5.12.C
• I can analyze the costs and benefits of organizing a business as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. 6.3.9.A
• I can predict how changes in supply and demand affect equilibrium price and quantity sold. 6.3.9.C
• I can explain the laws of supply and demand and how these affect the prices of goods and services. 6.3.12.A
• I can analyze the factors influencing wages. 5.3.9.I, CC.8.5.9-10.H
• I can analyze the flow of goods and services in the national economy. 6.3.9.D
• I can analyze the characteristics of economic expansion, recession, and depression. 6.4.9.A
• I can examine how and why the government acts to regulate and stabilize the state and national economy. 6.1.4.12.A
• I can assess the government's role in regulating and stabilizing the state and national economy. 6.4.12.B
• I can explain the impact of higher or lower interest rates for savers, borrowers, consumers, and producers. 6.4.12.C
• I can analyze the flow of goods and services in the national economy. 6.4.12.D
• I can examine leading entrepreneurs in Pennsylvania and the United States in terms of the risks they took and the rewards they received. 6.3.12.D
• I can define wealth and describe its distribution within and among the political divisions of the United States. 5.4.12.D
• I can evaluate the social, political, and economic costs/benefits of potential changes to taxation policies. 5.4.9.E, CC.8.5.9-10.G
• I can predict how changes in incentives may affect the choices made by individuals, businesses, communities, and nations. 6.1.12.D
• I can evaluate the economic reasoning behind a choice. 6.1.12.B
• I can compare and contrast the various financial tools available to savers. 6.5.9.G
• I can explain the impact of higher or lower interest rates for savers, borrowers, consumers, and producers. 6.5.9.H
• I can analyze the factors influencing wages. 6.5.12.A
• I can evaluate how changes in education, incentives, technology, and capital investment alter productivity. 6.5.12.B